When a log is sawn, it produces round timber, ties, or lumber of varying quality. This course provides a comprehensive discussion of grading standards and specifications for these commercial products. In a broad sense, commercial lumber refers to any lumber bought or sold through normal commerce channels. It comes in various forms, species, and types, available in different commercial establishments, both wholesale and retail. The majority of commercial lumber follows standardized grading rules, ensuring a relatively uniform purchasing experience nationwide.

Topics covered include: • Hardwood and Softwood Lumber • Dimension and Component Parts • Finished Market Products • Lumber Species and Grades • Lumber Manufacture, Species, Grading 6–12 • Purchase Considerations • Standards and Specifications • Material Requirements • Availability, Weight, Volume • Durability, Preservative Treatment • Service Life • Abbreviations